Best places to visit in UAE A Travelers Guide

Best places to visit in UAE: From the shimmering skyscrapers of Dubai to the ancient sands of the Rub’ al Khali desert, the United Arab Emirates offers a captivating blend of modernity and tradition. This diverse nation, a federation of seven emirates, presents a rich tapestry of experiences, beckoning travelers with its architectural marvels, luxurious resorts, vibrant culture, and breathtaking natural landscapes.

This guide delves into the best destinations, highlighting the unique cultural significance and scientific wonders that make the UAE a truly unforgettable travel destination. Prepare to be amazed by the stunning juxtaposition of futuristic cities and timeless desert oases, a testament to human ingenuity and the power of nature.

We will explore the top cities, uncovering their unique attractions and cultural significance. We’ll journey into the heart of the desert, experiencing the thrill of a safari and marveling at the natural wonders that lie hidden within the dunes. We’ll delve into the historical context of iconic architectural landmarks, appreciating the blend of traditional and contemporary styles. Further, we will discover the luxurious experiences and diverse culinary delights that await, complemented by a glimpse into the vibrant festivals and events that color the UAE’s calendar.

Each emirate offers a distinct flavor, promising a truly immersive and unforgettable travel experience.

Top Cities in the UAE

Source: visitdubai.com

The United Arab Emirates, a federation of seven emirates, boasts a diverse landscape of modern skyscrapers and ancient traditions. Understanding the appeal of its major cities requires examining their unique blend of historical significance, modern development, and strategic location. This exploration delves into the cultural heart of five of the UAE’s most visited urban centers, highlighting their individual attractions and the reasons behind their popularity.

Top Five Most Visited Cities in the UAE

The following table summarizes the top five most visited cities, providing a snapshot of their highlights, ideal visiting times, and transportation options. Visitor numbers fluctuate annually, but these cities consistently rank highly due to their diverse offerings.

Reasons for Popularity of Top Five Cities

Each of these cities offers a unique appeal to tourists. The following details three key factors contributing to their popularity. These are generalizations, and individual experiences may vary.

Dubai:

1. Architectural Marvels: Dubai’s skyline, punctuated by iconic structures like the Burj Khalifa and the Palm Jumeirah, is a testament to ambitious engineering and design. These feats of modern architecture attract visitors globally.
2. Luxury and Shopping: The city is renowned for its luxury shopping malls, offering high-end brands and opulent experiences. This attracts high-spending tourists seeking exclusive retail therapy.
3. Diverse Activities: From desert safaris and water parks to world-class dining and vibrant nightlife, Dubai caters to a wide range of interests, ensuring a diverse and engaging experience.

Abu Dhabi:

1. Cultural Heritage: Abu Dhabi, the capital, showcases the UAE’s rich history and culture through sites like the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque and Qasr Al Watan Presidential Palace.
2. World-Class Museums: The Louvre Abu Dhabi and other museums provide a window into global art and culture, enriching the visitor experience beyond traditional tourist attractions.
3. Theme Parks and Entertainment: Ferrari World and other theme parks offer thrilling rides and entertainment, appealing to families and adventure seekers.

Sharjah:

1. Cultural Preservation: Sharjah is known for its dedication to preserving its cultural heritage, evident in its numerous museums and historical sites. This attracts visitors interested in history and Islamic culture.
2. Affordable Tourism: Compared to Dubai, Sharjah offers a more budget-friendly tourism experience, making it attractive to a wider range of travelers.
3. Artistic Flair: Sharjah’s vibrant arts scene, including its museums and art galleries, provides a unique cultural experience for art enthusiasts.

Ajman:

1. Relaxing Beaches: Ajman offers a tranquil escape with its beautiful beaches, ideal for relaxation and water sports.
2. Traditional Charm: The city retains a more traditional Emirati atmosphere, offering a glimpse into local life beyond the modern skyscrapers.
3. Accessibility and Affordability: Ajman’s relatively smaller size and lower cost of living make it a more accessible and affordable destination.

Ras Al Khaimah:

1. Dramatic Landscapes: Jebel Jais, the highest peak in the UAE, offers breathtaking views and adventurous activities like zip-lining.
2. Water Sports and Beaches: The city boasts stunning beaches and opportunities for various water sports, attracting adventure and relaxation seekers.
3. Historical Sites: Ras Al Khaimah’s historical sites and forts offer a glimpse into the region’s past, providing a contrast to the modern developments.

Cultural Significance of Top Five Cities

The cultural significance of these cities is deeply rooted in their history and the Bedouin heritage of the UAE. Each city plays a unique role in preserving and showcasing this heritage, while also embracing modernity.

Dubai: While rapidly modernizing, Dubai retains aspects of its traditional culture through festivals, souks (markets), and the preservation of historical sites like Al Fahidi Historical Neighbourhood.

Abu Dhabi: As the capital, Abu Dhabi holds immense cultural significance, being the center of government and the custodian of many important national institutions and historical sites. The Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque stands as a powerful symbol of Islamic faith and architectural achievement.

Sharjah: Sharjah’s commitment to preserving its cultural heritage through numerous museums and initiatives has earned it the title of “Cultural Capital of the Arab World”.

Ajman: Ajman’s smaller scale allows for a more intimate experience of Emirati culture and traditions, showcasing a slower pace of life compared to its larger neighbors.

Ras Al Khaimah: Ras Al Khaimah’s history is reflected in its forts and historical sites, offering a glimpse into its past as an independent sheikhdom and its role in the region’s pearl diving and trading history.

Natural Wonders and Outdoor Activities: Best Places To Visit In UAE

The United Arab Emirates, a land often associated with futuristic skyscrapers and bustling cities, also boasts a surprising diversity of natural landscapes. From dramatic mountain ranges to vast, rolling sand dunes and pristine coastal areas, the UAE offers a wealth of opportunities for outdoor adventure and exploration, showcasing the interplay of geological processes and the resilience of life in arid environments.

This section will delve into some of the UAE’s remarkable natural wonders and provide insights into the diverse outdoor activities they offer.

Unique Natural Wonders of the UAE

The UAE’s geological history, shaped by millions of years of tectonic activity, erosion, and deposition, has resulted in a stunning array of natural features. These wonders provide not only breathtaking scenery but also valuable ecological habitats and opportunities for recreation and scientific study.

• The Hajar Mountains: This rugged mountain range, extending across the eastern UAE, is a testament to the region’s ancient geological past. Formed by the collision of tectonic plates, the Hajar Mountains feature dramatic peaks, deep gorges, and hidden wadis (dry riverbeds). Accessibility varies depending on the specific location, with some areas requiring 4×4 vehicles. Hiking, rock climbing, and canyoning are popular activities.

  The diverse flora and fauna, adapted to the harsh conditions, are also a significant draw for researchers and nature enthusiasts.

• Liwa Oasis: Nestled within the vast Rub’ al Khali (Empty Quarter), the world’s largest continuous sand desert, Liwa Oasis is a remarkable example of an oasis ecosystem. The presence of groundwater allows for the growth of date palms and other vegetation, creating a striking contrast against the surrounding dunes. Accessibility is generally good, with well-maintained roads leading to the oasis.

  Activities include camel riding, dune bashing (in a 4×4 vehicle), and exploring the traditional villages within the oasis.

• Jebel Hafeet: Located in Al Ain, Jebel Hafeet is a prominent mountain known for its winding roads offering panoramic views and its rich archaeological history. Accessibility is excellent, with paved roads leading to the summit. Popular activities include driving to the top for breathtaking views, hiking, and exploring the archaeological sites found on the mountain.
• Mangrove Forests: Along the UAE’s coastline, particularly in areas like Khor Kalba and Ras Al Khor Wildlife Sanctuary, mangrove forests thrive. These unique ecosystems play a crucial role in coastal protection and biodiversity. Accessibility varies; some areas are easily accessible by boat, while others may require guided tours. Kayaking, paddleboarding, and birdwatching are popular activities.
• Sharjah’s Kalba coastline: This area features stunning beaches, dramatic cliffs, and a unique blend of marine and terrestrial ecosystems. The coastline is accessible by car, and activities include swimming, sunbathing, exploring the nearby Kalba Turtle Hatchery, and engaging in water sports. The area also offers opportunities for wildlife viewing, particularly birdwatching and observing marine life.

Three-Day Desert Safari Adventure Itinerary

This itinerary focuses on experiencing the beauty and adventure of the Liwa Desert.

Comparison of Desert Safari Operators

Desert safari operators in the UAE vary significantly in their offerings. Some focus on luxury experiences with opulent camps and gourmet dining, while others emphasize adventure and cultural immersion. Factors to consider when choosing an operator include the type of vehicle (4×4 vs. bus), the inclusion of activities (dune bashing, camel riding, falconry), the quality of the camp (luxury vs.

The UAE boasts diverse attractions, from bustling cityscapes to breathtaking deserts. For adrenaline junkies, a visit to the majestic Jebel Jais mountain range is a must, offering unparalleled views and thrilling activities. Experience the exhilarating rush of the world’s longest zipline, as detailed on the Jebel Jais zipline experience website, before exploring further wonders of the UAE.

basic), and the overall price. Reviews and comparisons online can help in selecting an operator that aligns with individual preferences and budget. It’s crucial to check for safety certifications and insurance coverage.

Architectural Marvels and Historical Sites

The United Arab Emirates, a relatively young nation, boasts a fascinating blend of modern architectural marvels and historical sites that reflect its rich cultural heritage and rapid development. The architectural landscape showcases a dynamic interplay between traditional building techniques and cutting-edge design, resulting in structures that are both aesthetically stunning and historically significant. This section delves into some of the UAE’s most impressive architectural landmarks, exploring their historical context and unique design features.

Significant Architectural Landmarks of the UAE

The following table details three significant architectural landmarks, highlighting their location, historical importance, and architectural style. These structures represent a cross-section of the UAE’s architectural evolution, from traditional forts to modern masterpieces.

The UAE boasts diverse attractions, from bustling cityscapes to breathtaking deserts. For adrenaline junkies, a visit to the majestic Jebel Jais mountain range is a must, offering unparalleled views and thrilling activities. Experience the exhilarating rush of the world’s longest zipline, as detailed on the Jebel Jais zipline experience website, before exploring further wonders of the UAE.

Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque: A Detailed Visual Representation

Imagine a breathtaking expanse of white marble, shimmering under the intense Arabian sun. This is the Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque, a structure of immense scale and intricate detail. The mosque’s vast courtyard, capable of accommodating tens of thousands of worshippers, is paved with marble and features meticulously landscaped gardens. Its massive domes, each a feat of engineering and artistry, are adorned with intricate mosaics and calligraphy.

The mosque’s chandeliers, some of the largest in the world, are made of Swarovski crystals and cast a dazzling light within the prayer halls. Thousands of hand-crafted carpets, meticulously woven, cover the floors. The exterior walls are decorated with intricate geometric patterns and floral motifs, reflecting the rich Islamic tradition of decorative art. The overall effect is one of overwhelming grandeur and spiritual serenity.

The interplay of light and shadow, the sheer scale of the structure, and the exquisite detail of its ornamentation create a truly awe-inspiring experience. The mosque’s design draws inspiration from various Islamic architectural styles, reflecting the UAE’s cultural heritage and its commitment to fostering interfaith dialogue.

Historical Influence on Architectural Styles Across the Emirates

The architectural styles found in different emirates reflect their unique historical development and environmental conditions. Coastal emirates like Dubai and Sharjah, historically reliant on trade, developed a distinctive architectural style characterized by wind towers (barajeel) designed to cool buildings naturally. These structures, made of coral stone or gypsum, were adapted to the hot, arid climate. Inland emirates, such as Al Ain, saw the development of more fortified structures, reflecting the need for protection from tribal conflicts.

The use of materials like mud brick and palm fronds was prevalent, reflecting the availability of local resources. The arrival of oil wealth led to a dramatic shift in architectural styles, with the adoption of modern, high-rise buildings and the integration of international design influences. However, traditional elements are still incorporated in many contemporary structures, reflecting a conscious effort to preserve the UAE’s cultural identity within its rapidly modernizing landscape.

This blend of traditional and contemporary architecture showcases the nation’s dynamic evolution.

Luxury Experiences and Shopping

Source: tripfore.com

The United Arab Emirates, particularly Dubai, has rapidly become a global hub for luxury experiences and unparalleled shopping opportunities. This transformation, fueled by strategic investments and a focus on attracting high-net-worth individuals, has resulted in a unique blend of traditional marketplaces and cutting-edge retail environments, offering a diverse range of experiences for visitors. This section delves into the pinnacle of luxury hotels, the diverse shopping malls, and the contrasting atmospheres of traditional souks and modern retail spaces.

Top Luxury Hotel Experiences in Dubai

Dubai boasts a plethora of opulent hotels, each vying for the title of the most luxurious. The following three exemplify the city’s commitment to providing exceptional guest experiences, blending architectural grandeur with impeccable service and state-of-the-art amenities.

• Burj Al Arab Jumeirah: This iconic sail-shaped hotel, situated on its own artificial island, epitomizes luxury. Its design, inspired by the billowing sails of a dhow, is a marvel of engineering. Guests enjoy unparalleled views of the Arabian Gulf, access to private beaches, a fleet of Rolls-Royce vehicles for transportation, and a vast array of dining options, including Michelin-starred restaurants.

  The opulent suites feature private butlers, dedicated concierge services, and breathtaking panoramic views. The hotel’s commitment to personalized service sets it apart, offering tailored experiences to cater to each guest’s individual preferences.

• Armani Hotel Dubai: Located within the Burj Khalifa, the world’s tallest building, the Armani Hotel offers an unparalleled level of sophistication. Designed by Giorgio Armani himself, the hotel exudes elegance and refinement in every detail, from its sleek interiors to its exquisite furnishings. Guests have access to exclusive amenities such as a private spa, multiple restaurants showcasing Armani’s culinary vision, and direct access to the Burj Khalifa’s observation decks, providing breathtaking views of the city.

  The hotel’s commitment to personalized service and attention to detail ensures an unforgettable stay.

• One&Only The Palm: Situated on the iconic Palm Jumeirah, this luxurious resort offers a tranquil escape amidst opulent surroundings. The hotel boasts private villas with dedicated pools, access to pristine beaches, and a range of water sports activities. Guests can indulge in world-class dining experiences, relax at the award-winning spa, and enjoy personalized service that anticipates their every need. The resort’s commitment to sustainability and its integration with the natural beauty of the Palm Jumeirah create a unique and unforgettable experience.

Best Shopping Malls in the UAE

The UAE’s shopping malls are renowned for their scale, opulence, and diverse offerings, catering to a broad spectrum of consumer preferences. They represent a significant contribution to the nation’s economy and its status as a global retail destination.

• Dubai Mall (Dubai): A colossal shopping, entertainment, and leisure destination, the Dubai Mall houses over 1,200 retail outlets, including numerous luxury brands, department stores, and a vast array of dining options. Its attractions include an ice rink, an aquarium, and an underwater zoo. Specialty: Luxury, diverse.
• Mall of the Emirates (Dubai): Known for its indoor ski slope, Ski Dubai, the Mall of the Emirates provides a unique blend of retail therapy and winter sports. It houses a wide range of international brands, including luxury labels and high-street fashion. Specialty: Luxury, entertainment, family-oriented.
• Yas Mall (Abu Dhabi): One of the largest malls in Abu Dhabi, Yas Mall offers a diverse mix of retail outlets, entertainment options, and dining experiences. It is strategically located near Ferrari World and other attractions on Yas Island. Specialty: Diverse, family-oriented.
• Souk Al Bahar (Dubai): Situated on the waterfront adjacent to the Burj Khalifa, Souk Al Bahar offers a unique blend of traditional Arabian architecture and modern retail. Specialty: Traditional crafts, souvenirs, luxury.

Traditional Souks versus Modern Shopping Malls, Best places to visit in UAE

Traditional souks, or marketplaces, and modern shopping malls represent contrasting approaches to retail experiences. Souks, with their vibrant atmosphere, haggling traditions, and display of local crafts, provide an immersive cultural experience. Modern shopping malls, on the other hand, offer climate-controlled environments, a wide selection of international brands, and a more organized, efficient shopping experience. The atmosphere in a souk is bustling and sensory-rich, often crowded and filled with the sounds and smells of spices, textiles, and traditional crafts.

Malls, conversely, generally offer a more relaxed and controlled environment, with clearly defined spaces and a focus on visual merchandising. The offerings in souks are typically centered around local products and traditional crafts, while malls provide a much broader range of goods, from electronics and fashion to home furnishings and gourmet food. Both offer unique experiences, reflecting the evolution of retail in the UAE.

Food and Culinary Delights

The United Arab Emirates, a land of vibrant cultures and traditions, offers a captivating culinary landscape that reflects its diverse heritage. From the ancient spice routes that once traversed this region to the modern cosmopolitan cities that now dot its landscape, the UAE’s food scene is a rich tapestry woven from local ingredients, regional influences, and global trends. Understanding the Emirati culinary tradition reveals not only delicious dishes but also a glimpse into the history and societal structures of the region.

The UAE’s cuisine is characterized by its use of fresh, high-quality ingredients, often sourced locally. Dates, for instance, are a staple, appearing in both sweet and savory dishes, reflecting their historical significance as a primary food source. The use of spices, such as cardamom, saffron, and turmeric, adds depth and complexity to the flavors, showcasing the influence of ancient trade routes.

The incorporation of rice, lamb, and fish also reflects the geographic location and historical interactions with neighboring cultures.

Five Must-Try Traditional Emirati Dishes

A selection of quintessential Emirati dishes provides a delicious introduction to the local culinary scene. These dishes represent a blend of flavors and techniques passed down through generations, showcasing the unique culinary heritage of the UAE.

• Machboos: A fragrant spiced rice dish typically prepared with lamb or chicken, Machboos is a national favorite. The meat is marinated in a blend of spices, including saffron, cardamom, and black pepper, before being slow-cooked with rice and often served with a side of tomato-based sauce. The precise spice blend can vary regionally.
• Luqaimat: These small, deep-fried dumplings are a popular Emirati dessert. Made from a simple dough of flour, water, and yeast, they are shaped into small balls, fried until golden brown, and then drizzled with date syrup or honey. Their light and airy texture makes them a delightful treat.
• Saleekeh: A hearty fish stew, Saleekeh features a rich broth made with a variety of spices and herbs, along with chunks of fish. It is typically served with rice or bread, soaking up the flavorful broth. The type of fish used can vary depending on regional availability and preferences.
• Tharid: This traditional bread-based stew is a hearty and flavorful dish. It consists of bread soaked in a broth of meat (typically lamb or chicken), vegetables, and spices. The bread absorbs the flavorful broth, creating a comforting and satisfying meal. The consistency and ingredients can vary depending on the family recipe.
• Chebab: These thin pancakes are often served for breakfast or as a light snack. Made from a simple batter of flour, water, and yeast, they are cooked on a griddle and can be served plain or with various fillings, such as cheese, honey, or dates.

Unique Culinary Experiences in the UAE

Beyond traditional Emirati dishes, the UAE offers a range of unique culinary experiences that provide a deeper understanding of the region’s gastronomic culture.

• Emirati Cooking Classes: Numerous cooking schools and restaurants across the UAE offer hands-on Emirati cooking classes. These classes provide an opportunity to learn the techniques and secrets behind preparing traditional dishes, fostering a deeper appreciation for the culinary heritage.
• Desert Dinners: Experiencing a traditional Emirati meal under the stars in the desert provides a unique and memorable culinary experience. These events often include cultural performances and traditional entertainment, adding to the overall atmosphere.
• Themed Dining Events: Many restaurants and hotels host themed dining events showcasing the culinary traditions of different regions of the UAE or the world. These events often feature traditional music, costumes, and decorations, enhancing the overall dining experience.

Culinary Styles Across the UAE

While Emirati cuisine forms the foundation of the UAE’s culinary landscape, regional variations exist, reflecting the diverse influences and historical development of each area. These variations, although subtle, showcase the richness and complexity of the UAE’s food culture.

For example, coastal regions tend to feature more seafood-based dishes, reflecting the abundance of marine resources. Interior regions, however, often feature dishes with lamb and other meats, reflecting the historical significance of livestock farming in these areas. The spice blends and cooking techniques also vary slightly across different regions, resulting in subtle yet distinct flavors. These regional differences demonstrate the dynamic nature of Emirati cuisine, shaped by geography, history, and cultural exchange.

Festivals and Events

Source: timeoutdubai.com

The United Arab Emirates, a nation built on a foundation of rich cultural heritage and rapid modernization, hosts a vibrant calendar of festivals and events throughout the year. These celebrations offer a fascinating blend of traditional customs and contemporary entertainment, attracting both residents and tourists alike. The events are meticulously planned, reflecting the UAE’s commitment to preserving its cultural identity while embracing global trends.

The UAE, a land of contrasts, boasts diverse tourist destinations, from the futuristic cityscape of Dubai to the serene beaches of Abu Dhabi. A lesser-known gem within this captivating landscape is Ajman, offering a glimpse into a more traditional Emirati experience. For those seeking a less frenetic pace, exploring the historical sites and coastal beauty of Ajman, as detailed on this helpful resource Tourist spots in Ajman , adds another dimension to the best places to visit in the UAE.

Their economic impact on the tourism sector is significant, contributing substantially to the nation’s revenue and international profile.

UAE Festival Calendar

The UAE’s festival calendar is diverse and dynamic, encompassing religious observances, national celebrations, and international events. Precise dates may vary slightly from year to year according to the lunar calendar, but the general timeframe remains consistent. Many festivals are concentrated during the cooler months (October to April) due to the climate.

Cultural Significance of Three Major Festivals

The UAE’s festivals are not merely entertainment; they are deeply woven into the fabric of its society.

Dubai Shopping Festival (DSF)

DSF, held annually in Dubai, is more than just a retail event. It showcases Dubai’s economic prowess and its commitment to attracting global tourism. The festival’s vast scale, featuring extravagant displays, cultural performances, and numerous prizes, underscores the city’s ambition and dynamism. It acts as a powerful symbol of Dubai’s modern identity, blending traditional elements with a contemporary, globalized appeal.

The influx of tourists during DSF significantly boosts the hospitality, retail, and entertainment sectors.

Ramadan

Ramadan, the holy month of fasting for Muslims, is a time of spiritual reflection and community bonding. The emphasis on prayer, charity, and family gatherings reinforces the importance of religious faith in UAE society. During Ramadan, the atmosphere changes, with special prayer services, unique food traditions, and late-night gatherings (after sunset) becoming central aspects of daily life. The cultural significance of Ramadan is immense, shaping social interactions and personal conduct.

The month also sees a surge in religious tourism.

National Day

National Day commemorates the UAE’s formation in 1971. This annual celebration is a powerful symbol of national unity and pride. Parades, fireworks displays, and cultural performances across the nation showcase the UAE’s history, achievements, and aspirations. The event highlights the country’s progress and its commitment to its citizens’ well-being, further reinforcing national identity and fostering a sense of collective belonging.

The festive atmosphere attracts many tourists interested in experiencing the UAE’s patriotic fervor.

Contribution to UAE Tourism

The UAE’s festivals significantly contribute to its tourism industry. They attract millions of visitors annually, generating substantial revenue for the country. These events enhance the UAE’s international image, portraying it as a dynamic, culturally rich, and welcoming destination. Furthermore, the festivals provide opportunities for local businesses to thrive, supporting employment and economic growth. The festivals’ positive impact on tourism is evident in the increased hotel occupancy rates, airline bookings, and spending on entertainment and retail during these periods.

The events contribute significantly to the UAE’s reputation as a premier global tourism destination.

Ending Remarks

The UAE’s allure lies in its remarkable ability to seamlessly blend ancient traditions with futuristic innovation. From the breathtaking architecture that defines its skyline to the vast, awe-inspiring deserts that stretch towards the horizon, the country offers a sensory feast for the traveler. Whether you seek thrilling desert adventures, cultural immersion, luxurious indulgence, or simply a respite in a sun-drenched paradise, the UAE promises an experience as unique and diverse as its seven emirates.

This journey through the best places to visit has only scratched the surface of what this captivating nation has to offer. So, pack your bags, and prepare to be enchanted by the magic of the UAE.

Commonly Asked Questions

What is the best time of year to visit the UAE?

The ideal time to visit is during the cooler months, from October to April, when temperatures are pleasant and ideal for outdoor activities. Summer months (May-September) are extremely hot.

What is the currency of the UAE?

The official currency is the United Arab Emirate Dirham (AED).

What language is spoken in the UAE?

Arabic is the official language, but English is widely spoken, especially in tourist areas.

Do I need a visa to visit the UAE?

Visa requirements vary depending on your nationality. Check the UAE embassy or consulate website for your country’s specific requirements.

What are the transportation options within the UAE?

Options include taxis, ride-sharing services (Uber/Careem), well-developed metro systems in major cities, and domestic flights between emirates.